Walter Futterweit, MD, FACE, FACP

Thinning hair due to the effects of male hormones (androgens) is called androgenic alopecia. It is a major source of psychological distress to women. This male-pattern hair loss is often seen in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and other disorders of male hormone excess.

Researchers have been investigating the role of various genes which may play an important role in PCOS. One of these candidate genes appears to be in the area and possibly in the insulin receptor gene of chromosome 19.

Androgenic alopecia (AA) is caused by androgen effects on hair follicles in genetically susceptible women and men. The thinning often begins between ages 12 and 40 years.

A comprehensive guide to polycystic ovary syndrome, from a leading authority on the condition

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease in the United States. There are two stages: 1) steatosis (usually benign and often reversible, with increased fat in the hepatocytes) and 2) a more severe stage called nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).

A comprehensive guide to polycystic ovary syndrome, from a leading authority on the condition